Monkeypox Virus IgG/IgM Rapid Test

INTRODUCTION

Monkeypox is used to be a viral zoonosis with symptoms very similar to those in smallpox patients, caused by by infection with Monkeypox virus. It is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. Human monkeypox was first identified in humans in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in a 9-year-old boy in a region where smallpox had been eliminated in 1968. Since then, most cases have been reported from rural, rainforest regions of the Congo Basin, particularly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and human cases have increasingly been reported from across Central and West Africa. In humans, the symptoms of monkeypox are similar to but milder than the symptoms of smallpox. Monkeypox begins with fever, headache, muscle aches, and exhaustion. The main difference between symptoms of smallpox and monkeypox is that monkeypox causes lymph nodes to swell (lymphadenopathy) while smallpox does not. The incubation period (time from infection to symptoms) for monkeypox is usually 7−14 days but can range from 5−21 days. 

The Monkeypox virus IgG/IgM Rapid Test is a rapid test that utilizes a combination of Monkeypox antigen coated colored particles for the detection of IgG and IgM Monkeypox antibodies in human whole blood, serum, or plasma.

MATERIALS

Materials Provided

Materials Required but Not provided

PROCEDURE

Allow the test device, specimen, buffer, and/or controls to reach room temperature (1530°C) prior to testing.

1. 1. Bring the pouch to room temperature before opening. Remove the test device from the sealed pouch and use it as soon as possible.
2. 2. Place the test device on a clean and level surface.

For Serum or Plasma Specimens: 

Hold the dropper vertically, draw the specimen up to the Fill Line (approximately 10 uL), and transfer the specimen to the specimen well (S) of the test device, then add 2 drops of buffer (approximately 80 mL) and start the timer. See illustration below. Avoid trapping air bubbles in the specimen well (S).

For Whole Blood (Venipuncture/Fingerstick) Specimens:

To use a dropper: Hold the dropper vertically, draw the specimen 0.5-1 cm above the Fill Line, and transfer 2 drops of whole blood (approximately 20 µL) to the specimen well (S) of the test device, then add 2 drops of buffer (approximately 80 uL) and start the timer. See illustration below.

To use a micropipette: Pipette and dispense 20 µL of whole blood to the specimen well (S) of the test device, then add 2 drops of buffer (approximately 80 µL) and start the timer.

3. 3. Wait for the colored line(s) to appear. Read results at 10 minutes.Do not interpret the result after 20 minutes.

4. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
   
   
   

   LIMITATIONS OF THE TEST

   1. 1. TheMonkeypox virus IgG/IgM Rapid Test is for in vitro diagnostic use only. The test should be used for the detection of Monkeypox antibodies in whole blood, serum or plasma specimens only. Neither the quantitative value nor the rate of increase in Monkeypox antibody concentration can be determined by this qualitative test.
   2. 2. The Monkeypox virus IgG/IgM Rapid Testwill only indicate the presence of Monkeypox antibodies in the specimen and should not be used as the sole criteria for the diagnosis of Monkeypox.
   3. 3. The continued presence or absence of antibodies cannot be used to determine the success or failure of therapy.
   4. 4. Results from immunosuppressed patients should be interpreted with caution.
   5. 5. As with all diagnostic tests, all results must be interpreted together with other clinical information available to the physician.
   6. 6. If the test result is negative and clinical symptoms persist, additional testing using other clinical methods is recommended. A negative result does not at any time preclude the possibility of Monkeypox
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